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The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called thebinary fission.growth curve.generation time.death phase.culture time.
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In _____ conditions, the cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting.hypertonichypotonicisotonicAll of the choices are correct.
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The movement of substances from lower to higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier and cell expenditure of energy is calledfacilitated diffusion.diffusion.active transport.osmosis.endocytosis.
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The term photoautotroph refers to an organism thatis a decomposer.must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs.gets energy from sunlight.gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds.does not need a carbon source.
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gets energy from sunlight
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Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are moved to salty seawater wouldbe in a hypotonic solution.gain water.be in an isotonic solution.shrivel.None of the choices is correct.
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The term autotroph refers to an organism thatuses CO2 for its carbon source.must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs.gets energy from sunlight.gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds.does not need a carbon source.
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uses CO2 for its carbon source.
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When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship, and one benefits but the other is not harmed, it is calledsymbiosis.satellitism.commensalism.mutualism.synergism.
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When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell, this endocytosis is specifically termedpinocytosis.phagocytosis.facilitated transport.facilitated diffusion.exocytosis.
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An important mineral ion of the cytochrome pigments of cellular respiration isiron.zinc.calcium.magnesium.potassium.
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The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing, is thelag phase.log phase.stationary phase.death phase.prophase.
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A microorganism that does not have catalase or superoxide dismutase would find it difficult to live in an environment withcarbon dioxide.oxygen.high salt.temperatures above 37°C.high acidity.
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In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each _____ represents one _____ from the sample.cell, cellcell, colonycolony, cellspecies, colonygeneration, cell
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Archaea, as a group, are not pathogens. This is becausethey evolved without mammals.mammals evolved special defenses against them.mammalian hosts do not meet their environmental requirements.they are outcompeted by natural flora.None of the choices is correct.
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mammalian hosts do not meet their environmental
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Microorganisms require small quantities of this nutrient for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure:element.macronutrient.water.growth factors.trace element.
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When it is important to count the number of cells, determine cell size, and differentiate between dead and live cells, a ___ is used.Coulter counterflow cytometerSEMmethylene dye indicator
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What type of media is used to demonstrate oxygen requirements of microbes?blood agarthioglycollatesulfite polymyxin sulfadiazinesodium chlorideNone of the choices is correct.
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The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is calledfacilitated diffusion.diffusion.active transport.osmosis.endocytosis.
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facilitated diffusion.
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Cultures of a bacterial species were incubated on the shelf of a refrigerator, out on a lab bench top, on the shelf of a 37°C incubator, and on the shelf of a 50°C incubator. After incubation, there was no growth at 37°C and 50°C, very slight growth out on the bench top, and abundant growth at refrigeration. What term could be used for this species?halophilemesophileanaerobepsychrophilecapnophile
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Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell?coppercarbonhydrogennitrogenoxygen
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An organism that grows slowly in the cold but has an optimum growth temperature of 25° C is called a(n)extremophile.thermophile.psychrophile.psychrotroph.thermoduric.
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Most of the dry weight of a microbial cell is frominorganic compounds.minerals.water.organic compounds.salts.
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organic compounds.
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The term chemoheterotroph refers to an organism thatuses CO2 for its carbon source.must obtain inorganic compounds for its energy source.gets energy from sunlight.gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds.does not need a carbon source.
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gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds.
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An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygenless environments is a(n)aerobe.obligate aerobe.facultative anaerobe.microaerophile.obligate anaerobe.
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facultative anaerobe.
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Human pathogens fall into the grouppsychrophiles.thermophiles.halophiles.mesophiles.acidophiles.
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Which of the following require the cell to use ATP?facilitated diffusiondiffusionendocytosisosmosisNone of the choices is correct.
