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Jul 10th, 2023
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21 test answers
question
Select all that are coronary veins or any structure associated with coronary veins.Check All That Apply Jugular vein Great cardiac vein Coronary sinus Middle cardiac vein
answer
Great cardiac vein Coronary sinus Middle cardiac vein
question
Cell-to-cell junctions, called intercalated discs, contain distinct structural features called gap junctions andMultiple ChoiceT-tubules. desmosomes. myofilaments. branching.
answer
desmosomes.
question
Identify whether each item would increase or decrease stroke volume:- Increasing preload- Sympathetic stimulation- Stress- Increased heart rate- Dehydration- Increasing contractility- Increasing afterload- Increasing EDV- Acute exercise- Decreasing venous return
answer
Increase SV:- Increasing preload- Stress- Increased HR- Increasing contractility- Increasing EDV- Acute exerciseDecrease SV:- Sympathetic stimulation- Dehydration- Increasing afterload- Decreasing venous return
question
Complete each sentence by dragging the labels to the appropriate blanks. Then place each sentence in a logical order beginning with the SA node in a resting state. Not all terms will be used.
answer
Unlike the membrane of neurons and skeletal muscle, resting potential of the SA node drifts upward due to a steady leak of sodium into the cell.Moving from -60 mV to a threshold of -40 mV, voltage-regulated fast calcium and sodium channels open.The rapid movement of sodium and calcium into the cell causes the depolarizing event of the action potential.Then, as in skeletal muscle and neurons, voltage-regulated potassium channels open and allow potassium to rush out of the cell.The movement of potassium to the ECF repolarizes the membrane and returns the SA node cells to -60 mV.
question
True or false: during the refractory period of cardiac muscle, the cell is likely to generate another action potential.
answer
false
question
true or false: the plateau phase of the action potential in cardiac muscle delays repolarization to the resting membrane potential; therefore the refractory period is prolonged
answer
true
question
Oxygen-poor blood enters which chamber of the heart?Multiple ChoiceLeft atriumRight atriumLeft ventricleRight ventricle
answer
right atrium
question
The right atrioventricular valve is also called theMultiple Choiceleft atrioventricular valve.bicuspid valve.tricuspid valve.mitral valve.
answer
tricuspid valve
question
The only arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are the coronary arteries.True or false
answer
false
question
Left ventricular contraction propels blood through which valve?Multiple ChoiceLeft atrioventricular (bicuspid) valveRight atrioventricular (mitral) valveAortic valvePulmonary valve
answer
aortic valve
question
What are the primary variables influencing stroke volume (SV)? Check all that apply.Check All That Apply Chronotropic agents Afterload Venous return or preload Contractility or inotropic agents
answer
Afterload Venous return or preload Contractility or inotropic agents
question
The semilunar valves remain open throughout the ____________________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
answer
late ventricular systole
question
The atria remain in diastole throughout both the _______________________ phases of the cardiac cycle. ventricular systole and ventricular diastoleearly and late ventricular systoleearly and late ventricular diastole
answer
ventricular systole and ventricular diastole
question
1. Positive inotropes allow the heart to pump ____________ blood with fewer heart beats. They do this by _____________________ the end-systolic volume (ESV). more; increasingless; increasingless; decreasingmore; decreasing
answer
more; decreasing
question
An individual with high blood pressure (hypertension) is expected to benefit from the administration of ____________________ inotropic drugs that _______________ the hearts workload. negative; decreasepositive; increasenegative; increasepositive; decrease
answer
negative; decrease
question
The expected effect of the drug Digoxin is to _________________ ventricular contraction and _________________ stroke volume. weaken; increasestrengthen; increasestrengthen; decreaseweaken; decrease
answer
strengthen; increase
question
Coronary arteries are _____ when all four heart chambers are relaxed.Multiple Choicecompressedpatent (open)
answer
open
question
Select all that are true regarding ventricular balance.Check All That Apply The right ventricle has to pump blood farther than the left. The left ventricle is larger and stronger than the right.. The left ventricle contracts more times per minute as compared to the right. If stroke volume is not the same in each ventricle, edema may result.
answer
If stroke volume is not the same in each ventricle, edema may result.The left ventricle is larger and stronger than the right.
question
The AV valves close in response to the ________________________. contraction of the ventricles and the resulting drop in ventricular pressurecontraction of the ventricles and the resulting rise in ventricular pressurecontraction of the atria and the resulting rise in atrial pressurecontraction of the atria and the resulting drop in atrial pressure
answer
contraction of the ventricles and the resulting rise in ventricular pressure
question
Action potentials received directly from ________________ stimulate the papillary muscles to contract, allowing for the proper _______________ of the AV valves. AV node; openingPurkinje fibers; closingAV node; closingPurkinje fibers; opening
answer
Purkinje fibers; closing
question
Mitral valve prolapse severe enough to cause regurgitation may directly cause _________________ pressure in the ____________ atrium. increased; rightincreased; leftdecreased; rightdecreased; left
answer
increased; left
1 of 21
question
Select all that are coronary veins or any structure associated with coronary veins.Check All That Apply Jugular vein Great cardiac vein Coronary sinus Middle cardiac vein
answer
Great cardiac vein Coronary sinus Middle cardiac vein
question
Cell-to-cell junctions, called intercalated discs, contain distinct structural features called gap junctions andMultiple ChoiceT-tubules. desmosomes. myofilaments. branching.
answer
desmosomes.
question
Identify whether each item would increase or decrease stroke volume:- Increasing preload- Sympathetic stimulation- Stress- Increased heart rate- Dehydration- Increasing contractility- Increasing afterload- Increasing EDV- Acute exercise- Decreasing venous return
answer
Increase SV:- Increasing preload- Stress- Increased HR- Increasing contractility- Increasing EDV- Acute exerciseDecrease SV:- Sympathetic stimulation- Dehydration- Increasing afterload- Decreasing venous return
question
Complete each sentence by dragging the labels to the appropriate blanks. Then place each sentence in a logical order beginning with the SA node in a resting state. Not all terms will be used.
answer
Unlike the membrane of neurons and skeletal muscle, resting potential of the SA node drifts upward due to a steady leak of sodium into the cell.Moving from -60 mV to a threshold of -40 mV, voltage-regulated fast calcium and sodium channels open.The rapid movement of sodium and calcium into the cell causes the depolarizing event of the action potential.Then, as in skeletal muscle and neurons, voltage-regulated potassium channels open and allow potassium to rush out of the cell.The movement of potassium to the ECF repolarizes the membrane and returns the SA node cells to -60 mV.
question
True or false: during the refractory period of cardiac muscle, the cell is likely to generate another action potential.
answer
false
question
true or false: the plateau phase of the action potential in cardiac muscle delays repolarization to the resting membrane potential; therefore the refractory period is prolonged
answer
true
question
Oxygen-poor blood enters which chamber of the heart?Multiple ChoiceLeft atriumRight atriumLeft ventricleRight ventricle
answer
right atrium
question
The right atrioventricular valve is also called theMultiple Choiceleft atrioventricular valve.bicuspid valve.tricuspid valve.mitral valve.
answer
tricuspid valve
question
The only arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are the coronary arteries.True or false
answer
false
question
Left ventricular contraction propels blood through which valve?Multiple ChoiceLeft atrioventricular (bicuspid) valveRight atrioventricular (mitral) valveAortic valvePulmonary valve
answer
aortic valve
question
What are the primary variables influencing stroke volume (SV)? Check all that apply.Check All That Apply Chronotropic agents Afterload Venous return or preload Contractility or inotropic agents
answer
Afterload Venous return or preload Contractility or inotropic agents
question
The semilunar valves remain open throughout the ____________________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
answer
late ventricular systole
question
The atria remain in diastole throughout both the _______________________ phases of the cardiac cycle. ventricular systole and ventricular diastoleearly and late ventricular systoleearly and late ventricular diastole
answer
ventricular systole and ventricular diastole
question
1. Positive inotropes allow the heart to pump ____________ blood with fewer heart beats. They do this by _____________________ the end-systolic volume (ESV). more; increasingless; increasingless; decreasingmore; decreasing
answer
more; decreasing
question
An individual with high blood pressure (hypertension) is expected to benefit from the administration of ____________________ inotropic drugs that _______________ the hearts workload. negative; decreasepositive; increasenegative; increasepositive; decrease
answer
negative; decrease
question
The expected effect of the drug Digoxin is to _________________ ventricular contraction and _________________ stroke volume. weaken; increasestrengthen; increasestrengthen; decreaseweaken; decrease
answer
strengthen; increase
question
Coronary arteries are _____ when all four heart chambers are relaxed.Multiple Choicecompressedpatent (open)
answer
open
question
Select all that are true regarding ventricular balance.Check All That Apply The right ventricle has to pump blood farther than the left. The left ventricle is larger and stronger than the right.. The left ventricle contracts more times per minute as compared to the right. If stroke volume is not the same in each ventricle, edema may result.
answer
If stroke volume is not the same in each ventricle, edema may result.The left ventricle is larger and stronger than the right.
question
The AV valves close in response to the ________________________. contraction of the ventricles and the resulting drop in ventricular pressurecontraction of the ventricles and the resulting rise in ventricular pressurecontraction of the atria and the resulting rise in atrial pressurecontraction of the atria and the resulting drop in atrial pressure
answer
contraction of the ventricles and the resulting rise in ventricular pressure
question
Action potentials received directly from ________________ stimulate the papillary muscles to contract, allowing for the proper _______________ of the AV valves. AV node; openingPurkinje fibers; closingAV node; closingPurkinje fibers; opening
answer
Purkinje fibers; closing
question
Mitral valve prolapse severe enough to cause regurgitation may directly cause _________________ pressure in the ____________ atrium. increased; rightincreased; leftdecreased; rightdecreased; left
answer
increased; left