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Humans can digest a carbohydrate if the glucose bond is a. an alpha bondb. a beta bondc. a gamma bondd. a peptide
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The best type of fiber to eat for reducing constipation is a. glycogenb. crude fiberc. soluble fiberd. insoluble fiber
answer
d. insoluble fiber
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Why is excess sugar consumption discouraged?a. it may cause dental cariesb. it may cause weight gainc. it lacks dietary fiberd. all of these choices are correct
answer
d. all of these choices are correct
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Low blood glucose is called _____, whereas high blood glucose is called _____. a. hypoglecemia; hyperglycemiab. metabolic syndrome; hyperglycemiac. hypoglycemia; polydipsiad. hyperglycemia; hypoglycemia
answer
a. hypoglycemia; hyperglycemia
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question
The energy value of dietary carbohydrates is ____ kcal per grama. 4b. 7c. 9d. 15
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The human brain and other nerve tissues use mostly ______ as fuel. a. fructoseb. proteinc. ethanold. glucose
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Which of the following combinations of foods would provide the most dietary fiber?a. Kidney bean salad, turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, fresh apple, milkb. Ham sandwich on white bread, potato chips, iced teac. Roast beef, mashed potatoes, coffee with sugard. Cheeseburger (white bun, lettuce, mustard, catsup, slice of tomato, 3 oz ground beef, processed cheese slice), French fries, soft drink
answer
a. Kidney bean salad, turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, fresh apple milk
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Ketosis may result in a. starvationb. a diet of less than 50-100 grams of carbohydrates per dayc. untreated diabetes mellitusd. all of these choices are correct
answer
d. all of these choices are correct
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Once absorbed into the body, the majority of carbohydrates are ultimately transformed into glucose by thea. muscle tissueb. liverc. pancreasd. brain cells
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While _____ suppresses gluconeogenesis, _____ increases glycogen breakdown. a. glucagon; insulinb. insulin; glucagonc. insulin; glucosed. cortisol; glucagon
answer
b. insulin; glucagon
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When increasing fiber intake, alwaysa. take a fiber supplementb. increase fluidsc. use simple carbohydratesd. increase protein intake also
answer
b. increase fluids
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Which combination of foods would be highest in complex carbohydratesa. cola, potato chips, chicken-salad sandwichb. spaghetti with marinara sauce, broccoli, dinner roll, milkc. coffee, crisp bacon, fried egg, orange drinkd. chipped beef and gravy
answer
b. spaghetti with marinara sauce, broccoli, dinner roll, milk
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The body is capable of making glucose from non-carbohydrate nutrients, such as protein, by a process referred to as a. glycogenesisb. glycolysisc. gluconeogenesisd. ketosis
answer
c. gluconeogenesis
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The storage form of carbohydrates in plants is a. maltoseb. starchc. glycogend. ribose
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The principal sugar found in milk is a. sucroseb. lactosec. dextrosed. maltose
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The enzyme sucrase breaks down sucrose intoa. glucose + glucoseb. lactic acidc. glucose + fructosed. glucose + maltose
answer
c. glucose + fructose
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The sugar alcohol commonly used to sweeten chewing gum and candy is a. corn syrupb. dextrinc. invert sugard. sorbitol
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Primary lactose maldigestion results from a. lactase insufficiencyb. drinking lactose-fortified milksc. bacteria inhabiting the small intestined. living in such locations as Mexico, China, Africa, or the Mediterranean
answer
a. lactase insufficiency
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Another name for glucose isa. sorbitolb. dextrosec. levulosed. maltose
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Glucose, galactose, and fructosea. are disaccharidesb. are soluble fibersc. are monosaccharidesd. are polysaccharides
answer
c. are monosaccharides
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Of the total day's energy intake, most dietary guidelines recommend that carbohydrates provide _____ of energy. a. 10-15%b. 20-35%c. 45-65%d. 70-75%
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Three important disaccharides are a. lactose, fructose, and maltoseb. fructose, glucose, and galactosec. maltose, sucrose, and lactosed. sucrose, fructose, and glycogen
answer
c. maltose, sucrose, and lactose
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Normal blood glucose levels range between a. 40 and 70 mg/dLb. 70 and 100 mg/dLc. 125 and 140 mg/dLd. 200 and 300 mg/dL
answer
b. 70 and 100 mg/dL
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In the production of alcoholic beverages, maltose is formed from cereal grains because of thea. germination of grainsb. condensation of sugarsc. fermentation of stachyosed. hydrolysis of simple sugars
answer
a. germination of grains
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The three elements in simple sugar area. carbon, hydrogen, and oxygenb. carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogenc. carbon, hydrogen, and sulfurd. carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen
answer
a. carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
