question
What name is given to the process shown in this animation?A) diffusionB) turgorC) active transportD) sodium-potassium pumpE) osmosis
answer
A) diffusion(Diffusion is the movement of particles down their concentration gradient.)
question
Which of the following factors does not affect membrane permeability?A) The amount of cholesterol in the membraneB) The polarity of membrane phospholipidsC) The saturation of hydrocarbon tails in membrane D)phospholipidsE) Temperature
answer
B) The polarity of membrane phospholipids(Phospholipids contain both a polar head and a nonpolar hydrocarbon tail, both of which are necessary for their ability to form membrane bilayers.)
question
How can a lipid be distinguished from a sugar?A) Lipids are mostly nonpolar.B) Lipids are mostly saturated.C) A lipid is made up of only hydrocarbons.D) A lipid dissolves in water.
answer
A) Lipids are mostly nonpolar.(Lipids are nonpolar molecules, whereas sugars are polar.)
question
True or false? Osmosis is a type of diffusion.A) TrueB) False
answer
A) True(Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.)
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question
What property of dishwashing liquid (detergent) makes it useful to wash grease from pans?A) PermeabilityB) Hydrophobic natureC) Solubility in waterD) Amphipathic nature
answer
D) Amphipathic nature(Detergents form micelles around the grease, which are then washed away because the polar head groups facing outward on the micelle are water-soluble.)
question
Which of the following particles could diffuse easily through a cell membrane?A) Hydrogen ion (H+)B) Oxygen (O2)C) Sodium ion (Na+)D) Glucose
answer
B) Oxygen (O2)(Small nonpolar molecules such as oxygen can diffuse across cell membranes.)
question
True or false? The water-soluble portion of a phospholipid is the polar head, which generally consists of a glycerol molecule linked to a phosphate group.A) TrueB) False
answer
A) True(The hydrophilic, or water-loving, portion of a phospholipid is the polar head, whereas the hydrophobic portion is the nonpolar tail.)
question
If a red blood cell is placed in a salt solution and bursts, what is the tonicity of the solution relative to the interior of the cell?A) IsotonicB) OsmoticC) HypertonicD) Hypotonic
answer
D) Hypotonic(The salt concentration in the solution is lower than it is in the cell, so water enters the cell, causing it to burst.)
question
The process shown in this animation is referred to as _____.A) phagocytosisB) active transportC) osmosisD) facilitated diffusionE) pinocytosis
answer
D) facilitated diffusion(Diffusion is occurring via a transport protein.)
question
Structure A is a _____.A) soluteB) water moleculeC) transport proteinD) phospholipidE) solvent
answer
A) solute(A solute is crossing the plasma membrane.)
question
Structure B is a _____.A) solventB) water moleculeC) transport proteinD) phospholipidE) solute
answer
C) transport protein(The transport protein facilitates the movement of solute across the plasma membrane..)
question
What name is given to the process by which water crosses a selectively permeable membrane?A) osmosisB) phagocytosisC) diffusionD) pinocytosisE) passive transport
answer
A) osmosis(Osmosis is the passive transport of water.)
question
This cell is in a(n) _____ solution.A) hypertonic or isotonicB) hypotonic and isotonicC) hypotonicD) hypertonicE) isotonic
answer
D) hypertonic(There is a greater concentration of solute outside the cell.)
question
You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because the cell _____.A) isotonic ... neither lost nor gained waterB) hypotonic ... swelledC) hypertonic ... gained waterD) hypertonic ... lost waterE) hypotonic ... shrunk
answer
B) hypotonic ... swelled(A cell will gain water when placed in a hypotonic solution.)
question
This plant cell is _____.A) losing waterB) lysingC) in an isotonic solutionD) in a hypotonic solutionE) hypertonic solution
answer
D) in a hypotonic solution(In a hypotonic solution plant cells experience a net gain of water and become turgid.)
question
You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because it _____.A) hypertonic ... gained waterB) hypotonic ... lysedC) hypertonic solution ... lost waterD) hypertonic ... lysedE) hypotonic ... is turgid
answer
C) hypertonic solution ... lost water(A cell will lose water when placed in a hypertonic solution.)
